Showing posts with label research. Show all posts
Showing posts with label research. Show all posts

Thursday, 26 March 2020

Welcome to this blog! Sources I've used...

...
Including sources you’ve used, playlist of films researched. A chance to make a strong 1st impression with the examiner. I've added outlines of what to include below
...

START THE POST
With a general greeting, + explanation of what the blog is about, what it features. SELL the range + depth of content: multimedia content including vodcasts; lifting the curtain behind the scenes of pre-production, the shoots themselves, and reflecting on what we did...with a healthy dollop of theory thrown in!

Feature a sample quote, hyperlinked, just like this!

Hello! This blog charts my progress through my AS Media course, specifically my research into the media language of film openings (and the wider film industry), and the application of this insight into producing my own film opening! You'll find multimedia (vodcast, PowerPoint etc) analyses of multiple film openings, anything from the idents to narrative structure; dollops of applied theory (see below for example!); what I/we did for pre-production and the shoots themselves - and, of course, the post-production, with multiple edits and experiments with soundtracking, all exposed to sample audience feedback...
"The white hero’s journey here (Campbell), the quest for the Proppian archetype of the hero to achieve, is to topple the black producer (Ice Cube). So, some positives on gender, but not so ‘woke’ on race, with a disappointing racial stereotype?" [sample quote from my analysis of The High Note!]
FILMS I ANALYSED
Throughout the process, starting off looking for very general conventions (eg the use of narrative enigma within the opening sequence), I've been examining a wide range of film openings...

The playlist below contains (where available) the opening or (more frequently!) the trailer of each movie I have looked at for this work!

SOURCES I USED
You can find RSS feeds on the right for some of these ... I used a wide range of sites, e-zines and books to develop my knowledge and understanding of the film industry and the media language of film openings (including the genre I/we worked in) ... the following list gives you a flavour of this!


CCR Q1 conventions, representations

THE CAIE BLURB:
Make sure the FULL question appears at the top of each Eval post!!! Its not a bad idea to do as I do below + include all 4, to help you remember the range of Qs you'll need to address.
Creative critical reflection
On completion of the product, candidates must creatively reflect upon their work. Candidates may use any digital format, such as director commentaries, a presentation with voiceover, podcasts or screencasts. Candidates may use a different digital format to explore each of the compulsory questions. The creative critical reflection should be produced and presented individually.
Candidates must explore the following compulsory questions:
  1. How does your product use or challenge conventions and how does it represent social groups or issues?
  2. How does your product engage with audiences and how would it be distributed as a real media text?
  3. How did your production skills develop throughout this project?
  4. How did you integrate technologies – software, hardware and online – in this project?
...

DB GUIDE POSTS
I've covered the 2 themes (conventions; representations) in separate posts, but you should answer the Q in this single post.

I've also provided an Eval overview, including an extensive list of creative suggestions. Whatever format/s you use, provide link/embed to whatever source/s inspired your presentation style so examiners can see its not random (assume they won't be familiar with whatever show etc you're reflecting).

PRE-PRODUCTION OVERVIEW incl screenplay, shotlist, storyboard or animatic

There are a range of evidenced steps expected for your Media coursework. There is more detail on some of these within the SHOOT posts - and obvious overlap, but this is where you SUM UP your impressive pre-production work...

CASTING, CHARACTERS, REHEARSAL/DIRECTING
You need to carefully and meticulously (the 3 D's...) denote each significant character. What are you trying to connote and how? How does this relate to your research? 
Video and/or Ppt with plentiful illustration is vital.

Outline your ideal look/vision, then show who you've cast and in what ways you're planning to control their look to create the character you desire for a successful encoding of a preferred reading.

Are your cast expected to magically understand what is in your head? Evidence how you directed them to give them guidance on what to do. Actual rehearsal footage would be great - that can include Zoom (etc) recordings.

LOCATIONS, MISE-EN-SCENE, HEALTH AND SAFETY
What locations did you consider? Why these? Is there any link to your research findings? What factors were involved in your final choices?

Be very clear, with very clear evidence, of anything you've done to 'set dress' - basically, control the mise-en-scene to help steer audiences towards your preferred reading. Were you organised enough to gather props in good time? Were you ambitious enough to ask multiple sources to find these ... or did you look no further than what is already in your house?!

Did you review each shoot for health + safety concerns, summarising these + what cast/crew needed to be aware of + avoid doing? That currently must include covid considerations. (2023 - no longer necessary BUT see below)

Consider any possible risk (simplest: create a table: FACTOR > RISKS > ACTIONS where actions are mostly briefing cast/crew):
> use of public transport (crossing roads: observe general road safety protocols)
> shooting outdoors (traffic: crew at either end of roadways to alert to incoming traffic)
> catering (allergies, check that epipen or equivalent is there)
> action sequences (tripping, falling; director etc needs to advise on any steps, cracks etc that may cause loss of footing)
> equipment (falling on cast, crew: check tripods are stable, factoring in any wind issues; cameras with neckstrap for handheld)
> transmissable infections (covid, flu etc; check with cast/crew before meeting that none have such health issues, wear masks where deemed appropriate + take care with what is handled/washing hands)

EQUIPMENT + LOGISTICS
What equipment have you used?

How did you transport it ... and how did you arrange for/check/confirm/help with cast travel (+any catering)? Was social media a key part of that? If so, share some non-sweary samples!

Did you get signed release forms for image rights?


STORYBOARD
Students generally assume this should be done very early.
Not really.
Wait until you've completed 1 or more sample scenes + are confident that your idea works.
However, you really should DRAFT this WITHOUT DRAWINGS as a simple shotlist (not shots to shoot: shots/takes as they'd appear on screen in the edited final cut).

Then complete a storyboard with 'drawings'. You're not marked on fabulous drawing: the denotation of:
- shot framing (ECU to ELS) + angle
- shot movement (pan, tilt, track etc)
- focus
- audio, including script lines
- notable mise-en-scene

Stick-men and rough shapes are fine; use WORDS as much as pictures.

In the film industry there are varying approaches to this. A complete storyboard is usually a requirement to get funding in the 1st place ... but will almost never accurately reflect the final cut, with editing itself a powerfully creative phase generally somewhat out of the hands of the director.

Hitchcock was perhaps the only director of the modern cinema form (say, 1960s onwards) that would generally reflect his very specific storyboard in his final cut. Ken Loach is a fellow auteur who takes a different approach: he goes in with no script, never mind a storyboard (and so struggles to get funding in the UK as a result, usually relying on France and other Euro nations).

You can find many alternative templates online (here's one from me) or make your own.

SCREENPLAY
This may well go through several versions; only embed the final version BUT hyperlink the earlier versions AND provide a simple text summary of key changes.

The format is really, really simple - the guide below should tell you all you need to know, especially page 4. Your cast should be given a copy of this as early as possible so they can see what their character is meant to be like, and have a chance to think about body language, look and interacting with other characters - they may be able to pass on some helpful ideas as a result.



ANIMATIC
This is definitely not expected.

But it is very helpful for you + your cast.

Its basically using each frame from a storyboard + relating (with a VO + titles as you go, if needed above the denotation already in the storyboard) how the narrative will flow onscreen in the final planned edit. This particularly helps to give a sense of sound (and for trying out titles too). You can scan/photograph your storyboard sheets to do this.


CALL SHEETS/SHOT LISTS
This tends to be poorly done as students often fail to grasp at AS how much time it saves them in properly preparing for a shoot.

Basically, if you haven't very specifically planned your shots you will waste a lot of time trying to figure out what to do while out on a shoot - wasting the valuable time of your cast.

A shot list is the simplest way to do this: literally a list of shots to film, using whatever detail you want.

A call sheet ensures that key detail is included: any script lines; what kit/costume/props/cast are needed. On a film set the cast and crew get a copy of that day's call sheets each morning so they can see where and when they'll be needed and can prepare for what they've got to do.

Here's a sample template - again, tweak as you wish.

THEORIES and KEY TERMS I've learnt

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Take care to PARAPHRASE any of my blogged work or lessons notes; don't use my quite distinctive linguistic style!! Use yours!!
You'll learn terms and theories/ists linked to all 4 of the Key Concepts (previously MANGeR, changed for 2021 exams onwards...): LAIR... Your coursework learning is tightly linked to your exam learning, in which you're also specifically assessed on both your use of terminology and of media concepts and theory.



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GETTING STARTED: BASIC SHOTS, ANGLES
[don't copy/paste my text, paraphrase; put into your own words] 
We were shown these ... then challenged to create each! I've put our shots into a Ppt with some brief explanations of why certain shots might be selected.


VODCAST: SHOT VARIETY IN FILM OPENINGS
[don't copy/paste my text, paraphrase; put into your own words] 
I examined the opening 2 minutes of 3 film openings, focusing on the number + variety of shots. I counted the # of cuts and logged each basic shot type (from ELS to ECU) + any notable uses of high/low/dutch angles. The short video presents my findings over sample short clips from each: 
  • Film 1 (genre/s + main production company, budget, year)
  • Film 2
  • Film 3
eg: Yesterday (musician rom-com from Working Title, $26m, 2019)

You have to keep copyrighted clips short or risk a video being blocked. 'Fair usage' copyright law allows use of short clips. If you find film openings on YouTube you may want to make an offline copy in case its taken down. You can use a mix of screenshots + clips (sound on/off; use slo-mo + repeat clips where its helpful). To be clear, the task is:
Take 3 film openings from a list I'll provide
Note how many idents + how long these are in total.
Starting after the end of the last ident, count the number of cuts in the 1st 2mins (regardless of how abruptly that ends). 
Note how long the opening actually is
Now watch again + using ECU/BCU/CU/MCU etc denote each take (the shot before a cut) in a simple list, written or typed. Screenshot or photograph the list, + count the number of each basic shot type used.
Note at least 1 striking use of LA/HA/DA from the 3 openings overall (ie, from all 3 pick one low angled shot).
Feed this detail, + your reflection on the importance of shot variety, into the vodcast with screenshots/clips/titles and voiceover. Upload to your Media YouTube account, setting it to unlisted or public but NOT private, and embed it.

SHOT TYPES CROSSWORD!
[don't copy/paste my text, paraphrase; put into your own words] 
I tested my grasp by doing this online crossword!!! (embed a screenshot of it completed)


FILM INDUSTRY TERMS
[don't copy/paste my text, paraphrase; put into your own words] 
I'll keep updating a simple non-alphabetical list here, clustering terms on a single line after any single lesson where I've learned it, but as I do I'll also be adding it to a Word doc with my own definition/explanation, which I'll post here when its finished!! We started learning these way back in week 2...
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JOURNEY: EVOLUTION OF AN IDEA

Every time you have an idea, right from the very start, or tweak and evolve a more detailed idea, record the key details here, using dates within a subheading

When you're finishing up, provide a link to the screenplay but outline (in post or Ppt/Word) your final narrative using the hopefully familiar theories...

An eg of an update:

MY EARLIEST ROUGH IDEAS (Sept 8th)
Nothing specific just yet, but I think I'd like to work within the horror - specifically slasher - (sub-)genre, possibly a chase scene. I really liked Evie's AS production, which features a chase scene, obvious intertextuality with classic horrors, and even a postmodern twist!

...


This ties in with the CCR Q3 (and the AO2 assessment criteria). This post will make answering that question much easier...

OUR TARGET AUDIENCE

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To keep the list of posts easily visible I've hidden a detailed response to a query under the read more link
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CONVENTIONS RESEARCH: KEY INFLUENCES

This is one of the most important posts on your blog!!!
Its close to being a draft of Eval Q1!
Its basically your chance to very unsubtly scream at the examiner - oi, mate - look over here at all this APPLYING of research!!!
Overall, its a summary of your key findings - you needn't repeat all the detail (but highlight the specific bits that you might mimic/simulacra/be influenced by with direct/specific illustration). Key word here is MIGHT - you're not stating you WILL be influenced by aspects you include here.
Its definitely helpful to include egs you've seen that you consciously reject/want to avoid - explain why. You could do that as a separate vodcast or section, or just as you go along theme by theme.

Try to be as specific as you can about how you might apply these aspects of media language (included titles, idents etc) BUT remember that this is FUTURE TENSE ... this is how I might/will use this influence. It doesn't need to be a true reflection of what you eventually did.
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  1. IDENTS, COMPANIES, PRODUCTION CONTEXT
  2. TITLES
  3. SOUND; GENRE SIGNIFICATION
  4. 1ST SHOT
  5. CENTRAL PROTAGONIST + NARRATIVE
  6. MISE-EN-SCENE FOR EXPOSITION
  7. TRANSITIONING TO MAIN FILM
  8. AUDIENCE/REPRESENTATIONS + OTHER POINTS
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Wednesday, 25 March 2020

CONVENTIONS – media language including genre, narrative, representations

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  1. IDENTS, COMPANIES, PRODUCTION CONTEXT
  2. TITLES
  3. SOUND; GENRE SIGNIFICATION
  4. 1ST SHOT
  5. CENTRAL PROTAGONIST + NARRATIVE
  6. MISE-EN-SCENE FOR EXPOSITION
  7. TRANSITIONING TO MAIN FILM
  8. AUDIENCE/REPRESENTATIONS + OTHER POINTS
...

Your hub for demonstrating how your knowledge + understanding of media language develops, starting with the basic shot type exercises. In most cases you are applying this to analysis of film opening (sometimes past coursework) examples.

Note that this broad field includes material crucial for at least 2 of your Evaluation/CCR Qs (Q1 + Q2). Its important to consistently provide specific illustration (eg screenshot/clip/audio) and clearly identify the film being referenced. We'll frequently use WT/Warp examples to help you with your exam preparation - any and all such textual analysis is also designed to help you with the TV Drama exam Q.

You need to provide analysis of a mix of general (any genre) examples to begin with, but focusing on the genre you've chosen as you get further in.

CONVENTIONS – titles, idents, production context

... USE THE GUIDE POST
  1. IDENTS, COMPANIES, PRODUCTION CONTEXT
  2. TITLES
  3. SOUND; GENRE SIGNIFICATION
  4. 1ST SHOT
  5. CENTRAL PROTAGONIST + NARRATIVE
  6. MISE-EN-SCENE FOR EXPOSITION
  7. TRANSITIONING TO MAIN FILM
  8. AUDIENCE/REPRESENTATIONS + OTHER POINTS
...

THEME 1: IDENTS, COMPANIES, PRODUCTION CONTEXT
How many idents do we expect, how long are they, are they simple/complex, is there a specific order, do they use music...
This is a simple task, requiring limited use of terms/theory, but clear + specific research is key: look at a good range of openings, calculate the total running time of idents, and use this as a basis for estimating a typical number + duration.
NOTE: You will see some with none or only one; note those, but make clear they aren't typical
How many idents do you expect to see? (3-4, but sometimes 1 or none!)
How long is a typical ident? (varies! typically 6/7 secs?)
Are idents typically complex or simple? (mostly simple?)
Do most have sound (jingle/music)? (yes, but look at audio bridge point)
Do we see any difference between studio/subsidiary + Indie movies on this? (studio idents often longer)
Is there any particular order (reflecting company role or size)?
Are they all for production co's, or also for distributor/s?
Is this the same order as in titles?
Is an audio bridge, starting the film audio, common over 1 or more ident? (you'll often see WT or Warp's ident with the film sound starting over it)



THEME 2: TITLES
Careful consideration of the number, duration, sequencing, design and selection of titles.
Number of people/company names in titles:
Start/end time of main titles: 0:02-1:01
Running time of main titles: 1min
Titles in order using exact text (including case) [see this eg]


4 THEMES TO STRUCTURE TITLES RESEARCH + ANALYSIS
See below for some further pointers.

THE RAW NUMBERS:
  • how many titles do you expect to see?
  • provide counter-examples with very few or no opening titles
  • what total running time is typical?
  • again, note exceptions

THE SPECIFIC WORDING + ORDER:
Look carefully at the precise wording for each of these:
  • companies (presents, a ... film/production, in association with...)
  • director (auteur theory reflected in TWO credits - a ... film, directed by; where do these come in the order?)
  • actors (introducing, starring, featuring, co-starring ...)
  • technical roles (you need to be clear on which you will include; look for specifics eg director of photography or cinematography by?)

THE DESIGN
Look at use of these aspects and how they are used to distinguish/denote relative importance:
  • (sans-)serif (consider to what degree titles connote genre here)
  • size (names usually bigger than role, by etc; bigger stars bigger title?)
  • colour
  • case (UPPER, lower, Sentence case, maybe mixed)

FX, ANIMATION
Some titles are simply static, but often there's some form of movement...
  • animation/movement/FX?
  • transitions or straight cuts? fade to/-in from black?
  • intertitles? (over black screen)


THE COMPANIES
State how many companies were credited, and use your earlier research to discuss why/what different terms were used for different companies. This is very important detail for creating convincing titles.
Look out for companies/institutions like Film4/BBC (often commission a film to be made), or BFI, National Lottery, UK Film Council, Screen Yorkshire, EM Media (etc) - who more often finance productions.
Try to use terms such as Indie, subsidiary, conglomerate, big six to denote the types of company.

ROLES
How many specific roles were given a title? How were actors roles split up? Are you surprised at how many/few there are? You could have a look at IMDB's full credits listing to get a sense of how selective these opening titles are!!!
Which ONE person gets TWO credits for the same role? Detail precisely the order/wording of this.
You must provide a complete list, in appropriate order + with appropriate wording, of titles you intend to use as a result of the research on roles + companies.

GENRE/NARRATIVE CONNOTATIONS
Denote (describe in detail, illustrating with screenshots) the design of the titles: font (Georgia is a serif font; Helvetica is a sans-serif font), colour, case (UPPER, lower, Sentence), size, positioning, any movement/animation, any additional graphical elements.
Discuss the probable preferred reading: what the filmmakers are trying to symbolically communicate to the audience. Do the titles/their design connote/signify the genre and/or anything about the narrative?

THE FILM INDUSTRY

You can gather as much material as you like on the film industry; you need to show overall you've learned from the research you've presented that you've understood the fundamentals of how the industry works for Indies and big 5 alike. This is an opportunity to utilise and reinforce exam-centred learning.

You should find yourself using a LOT of terms - update your overall list as you go.

You'll need to reflect on this learning in the evaluation question on distribution - and there's a lot of industry context to the titles as well.

...
Use the following themes to help you set out what you've learned about how the film industry operates, using key terms (and updating the theory post as you do!). Once you've summed up the big 5 make particular use within each theme of your Warp v WT (indie v vertically integrated subsidiary) knowledge to boost your exam preparation.


  1. THE BIG 5 AND GLOBAL MARKETING/DISTRIBUTION - GANT TEST AND RISE OF CHINA
  2. CAST/STARS
  3. GENRE, HYBRIDITY
  4. FRANCHISE, IP
  5. SOUNDTRACKS/OSTs
  6. DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... HAS THE RELEASE WINDOW BEEN SMASHED? PVOD, NETFLIX et al
  7. DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... PIRACY, HOME CINEMA + THE END OF THE DVD BOOM
  8. DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... MICROBUDGET MOVIES, SELF-DISTRIBUTION + MY MEDIA EXPERIENCE!
  9. DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... VR AND GAMING
  10. AGE RATINGS
  11. FILM FESTIVALS, CRITICAL ACCLAIM
  12. CGI/SFX
  13. 3D/IMAX (3D), 4D
  14. REPRESENTATION ISSUES: BECHDEL TEST, MALE GAZE, GEENA DAVIS, WHITEWASHING





THE BIG 5 AND GLOBAL MARKETING/DISTRIBUTION - GANT TEST AND RISE OF CHINA


CAST/STARS


GENRE, HYBRIDITY


FRANCHISE, IP


SOUNDTRACKS/OSTs


DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... HAS THE RELEASE WINDOW BEEN SMASHED? PVOD, NETFLIX et al


DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... PIRACY, HOME CINEMA + THE END OF THE DVD BOOM


DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... MICROBUDGET MOVIES, SELF-DISTRIBUTION + MY MEDIA EXPERIENCE!


DIGITISATION, DISRUPTION, CONVERGENCE ... VR AND GAMING


AGE RATINGS


FILM FESTIVALS, CRITICAL ACCLAIM


CGI/SFX


3D/IMAX (3D), 4D


REPRESENTATION ISSUES: BECHDEL TEST, MALE GAZE, GEENA DAVIS, WHITEWASHING



Welcome to this blog! Sources I've used...

... Including sources you’ve used, playlist of films researched. A chance to make a strong 1 st impression with the examiner. I've add...